LOCATION MEADLAND WIEstablished Series
Rev. HFG-JJJ
12/2006
The Meadland series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils formed in loamy glacial till or loamy residuum weathered from igneous and metamorphic rocks or a mixture of the two. These soils are on ground moraines. Permeability is moderate or moderately slow. Slopes range from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 30 inches. Mean annual air temperature is about 44 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Aquic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Meadland loam - on a 3 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 1,200 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; many fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
E/B--6 to 15 inches; 70 percent brown (7.5YR 5/2) sandy loam (E), pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) dry; moderate medium platy structure; friable; extends as tongues (15 mm wide) into or completely surrounds isolated remnants of brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam (Bt); weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds in Bt portion; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
Bt1--15 to 23 inches; mixed brown (7.5YR 4/4) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; faint clay films on vertical and horizontal surfaces of peds; coatings of E material are on vertical surfaces of peds; many coarse distinct brown (7.5YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 11 inches thick)
Bt2--23 to 29 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; faint clay films on surfaces of peds; many coarse prominent pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; about 5 percent igneous gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 17 inches thick)
C--29 to 60 inches; mixed strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) loam; about 10 percent igneous gravel; massive; friable; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Portage County, Wisconsin; about 3 1/2 miles northwest of Junction City; 1,620 feet south and 20 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 30, T. 25 N., R. 6 E. USGS Junction City, Wis. Quad. Latitude 44 degrees 37 minutes 22 seconds N. Longitude 89 degrees 49 minutes 34 seconds W. NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of soil development ranges from 20 to 48 inches. The particle-size control section averages from 18 to 30 percent clay. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 15 percent in the solum and from 2 to 30 percent in the substratum. Volume of cobbles ranges from 0 to 5 percent in the solum and substratum. A stony phase is recognized in some places. Reaction naturally ranges from very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout the soil but ranges to neutral in the upper part, where the soil is limed. Redox accumulations cab be throughout the soil below the A horizon. Redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less are in the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon and saturation occurs there for some time in most years.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR; value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or 3. Some pedons have an A horizon with hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture of the Ap or A horizon is loam or sandy loam.
Some pedons have a Bs horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam. These horizons, however, are too thin or do not meet the chemical requirements for spodic.
Some pedons have an E horizon with hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam.
Meadland soils have a glossic horizon (E/B or B/E horizon, or both the E part has color and texture like the E horizon described above. The Bt part has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 or 5; and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture is loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam.
The Bt horizon has color and texture like the Bt part described above.
Some pedons have a BC horizon with hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 2 to 8. In some pedons the colors are variegated. Texture is loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, clay laom or the gravelly analogs.
The C horizon has color anf texture like the BC horizon described above.
COMPETING SERIES: These are Alstad, Big Iron, Keewatin, Kert, Milladore, Nary, Point, Rietbrock and Withee series. Alstad soils hve carbonates within a depth of 80 inches and contain some shale fragments. Big Iron and Keewatin soils have a densic contact in the lower part of the series control section. Kert soils have a paralithic contact at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Milladore and Withee soils have a 12 to 36 inch mantle with more than 50 percent silt. Nary soils have carbonates at a depth of 30 to 60 inches. Point soils have a 10 to 20 inch thick sandy mantle. Rietbrock soils have a lithic contact at a depth of 40 to 60 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils occupy plane and concave slopes of ground moraines underlain by igneous and metamorphic bedrock. Slopes range from 0 to 6 percent. The soils formed in loamy glacial till or loamy residuum weathered from metamorphic and igneous rocks or a mixture of the two. The till is composed mainly of local materials, but the glacial stratigraphy in the area where these soils occur has not been fully worked out. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 34 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 43 to 45 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Mosinee, Rozellville, and Sherry soils and the competing Milladore and Pointsoils. Mosinee and Rozellville soils occupy slightly higher landscape positions. Milladore and Point soils occupy similar landscape positions. Sherry soils occupy slightly lower landscape positions in drainageways and depressions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff ranges from negligible to medium. Permeability is moderate or moderately slow. These soils have a perched seasonal high water table at a depth of 1 to 2.5 feet for some time in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas have been cleared and are used for cropland or pastureland. Common crops are corn, small grains, and hay. Native vegetation is mixed deciduous and coniferous forests with white pine, spruce, hemlock, maple, birch, elm, and ash predominating.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Wisconsin. These soils are moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Portage County, Wisconsin, 1972.
REMARKS: Field observations indicate that these soils have some evidence of till overlying the residuum or are a mixture of till and residuum material in the upper part of the profile.
There are 17600 acres correlated in Portage County as Point sandy loam that should probably be re-correlated to Meadland sandy loam.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
ochric epipedon - 0 to 6 inches (Ap);
glossic horizon 6 to 15 inches (E/B);
argillic horizon - 15 to 29 inches (Bt1, Bt2);
aquic feature redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less and saturation in the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon.
U.S.A.
